Why Do Teeth Become Discoloured?
A bright, white smile is something most people desire, but over time, teeth naturally lose their brightness. Understanding why teeth become discoloured helps you choose the right whitening approach.
Extrinsic Stains (Surface)
These stains affect the outer enamel layer and are caused by:
- Coffee, tea, and red wine — the most common culprits
- Tobacco use — smoking and chewing tobacco cause deep yellow-brown stains
- Coloured foods — berries, tomato sauce, soy sauce, curry
- Poor oral hygiene — plaque and tartar buildup causes yellowing
Intrinsic Stains (Internal)
These stains originate from within the tooth structure:
- Ageing — enamel thins over time, revealing the yellow dentin beneath
- Medications — tetracycline antibiotics during childhood, certain antihistamines
- Fluorosis — excessive fluoride exposure during tooth development
- Trauma — injury to a tooth can cause it to darken
- Genetics — some people naturally have thicker or whiter enamel
Professional Teeth Whitening
Professional whitening, performed at a dental clinic, is the fastest and most effective way to brighten your smile. Here is what you need to know:
In-Office Whitening
This is the gold standard of teeth whitening. The procedure involves:
- A thorough cleaning to remove surface stains and plaque
- Application of a gum barrier to protect soft tissues
- Application of a high-concentration whitening gel (typically 25-40% hydrogen peroxide)
- Activation with a special light or laser (in some systems)
- Multiple application cycles during a single visit
Results: Teeth can become 3-8 shades whiter in a single 60-90 minute session.
Duration: Results typically last 1-3 years with proper maintenance.
Take-Home Professional Kits
Your dentist creates custom-fitted whitening trays and provides professional-grade whitening gel (10-22% carbamide peroxide). You wear the trays for a specified time each day (usually 30 minutes to overnight) for 1-2 weeks.
Results: Gradual whitening over 1-2 weeks, typically 3-6 shades lighter.
Advantage: You can touch up at home anytime using the same trays.
At-Home Whitening Options
Whitening Toothpastes
These contain mild abrasives and low concentrations of peroxide or other whitening agents. They can remove minor surface stains but will not change the intrinsic colour of your teeth. Best for maintenance after professional whitening.
Whitening Strips
Over-the-counter strips coated with peroxide gel (typically 6-14% hydrogen peroxide). They are applied directly to the teeth for 30 minutes daily for 1-2 weeks. Results are moderate — typically 1-3 shades lighter.
Whitening Rinses
Mouthwashes containing hydrogen peroxide. Due to the brief contact time, these produce minimal whitening results but can help maintain brightness after professional treatment.
Professional vs At-Home: Comparison
Effectiveness
Professional whitening is significantly more effective, producing dramatic results in one session. At-home products produce gradual, modest improvements over weeks.
Safety
Professional treatment is monitored by your dentist, ensuring gum protection and appropriate concentrations. Over-the-counter products, if misused, can cause uneven whitening, gum irritation, or enamel damage.
Cost
Professional whitening has a higher upfront cost but delivers superior, longer-lasting results. At-home products are cheaper per unit but may require repeated purchases.
Customisation
Your dentist can address specific concerns (e.g., a single dark tooth, uneven staining) and adjust the treatment accordingly. Over-the-counter products offer one-size-fits-all solutions.
Who Should Avoid Teeth Whitening?
Teeth whitening is not suitable for everyone:
- Children under 16 years of age
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
- People with severe tooth sensitivity or worn enamel
- Those with gum disease (must be treated first)
- People with dental restorations (crowns, veneers, fillings) in the visible area — these do not respond to whitening agents
Maintaining Your White Smile
- Brush twice daily and floss once daily
- Rinse your mouth after consuming staining foods or drinks
- Use a straw for coffee, tea, and coloured beverages
- Avoid tobacco products
- Visit your dentist for regular cleanings every 6 months
- Touch up with professional take-home trays every 6-12 months
A whiter smile boosts confidence and makes a great first impression. At Holy Care Dental Clinic, we offer safe, effective professional whitening treatments tailored to your needs.
Ready for a Brighter Smile?
Schedule a whitening consultation at Holy Care Dental & Orthodontics Clinic. Dr. Pinky Vijay will assess your teeth, discuss your goals, and recommend the best whitening approach for you. Call us at 079772 57779.
